Milton jackson



'ing to UNITED STATES PATENT Gruen.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION. lforming part of v Letters Patent I\To.'293,885, dated February .19, 1884. I

' Application 'filed October 9,1883. (Model.)

alock which, while simple and durable in construction, is such as todefeat any attempt to open the lock by picking, a-further object beso construct the lockingdog and tum blers that the latter willhave notendency to eject the dog vuntil it is brought fnto line with the recess in the casing which it has to enter. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a face View of my improved lock; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of the lock on a largervA, the structure being intended for a scale', Fi gs. 3 to 9, detached perspective views of. parts of the lockona'sniallerscale, Figs.

Vl0, 11, and 12, transverse sections, illustrating the operation of the lock; Figs; 13 and 14, enlatfged diagrams, showing one of the features o construction; andFig. 15, aview of a modification. A

A` is the cylinder or casing of the lock, and B the spindle, which is adapted to turn freely in bearings in the casing A, but is confined longitudinally thereto. The casing -A is in the present instance secured to a flanged plate, chest or desk lock, andthe bolt D is suitably guided in the casing, and is actuated by apin, a, on a "aginthe boit., and v 3'5 40 cylinder F,

washers, b, so

F, the pin being adapted to a slot, the cylinder fitting snugly, but so as tov turn freely, in the casing A.

should be understood, however, that the construction of the casing and the method of operating the bolt form no essetialpart ofmy invention, and'may be modified in different ways. T-he tumblers G t snugly within-the nd are separated by the usual that the movement of one .tum-A cylinder,

' bier will not influence the others. f

' Within a slot, d, in the cylinder F is pivoted a lever, J, carrying a dog, e, which swings in lan enlargement of said slot d, the outer portionof the dog being adapted to enter the 're adapted tothe notches gof thetumblers when' said notches are brought 'into line, as herein! after set forth. The lever is acted upon by av spring, h, whichtendsto throw the rear en of the lever outward into a v acting upon the edges-y and the inner end being slot,i, in the casing A, and hence to depress the dog e into the notches of the tumblers, a portion of the recess t being reduced in depth, so as'to forma cam, lm, and a recess, f', being'formed in the casing A adjacent to the recess f, for a purpose def vscribed hereinafter. Each tumbler has a central opening, for the reception of the key-spindle B and key x, thelatter being inserted into a slot, so', in thespindle, One edge, y, of the opening in `each tumbler is acted` upon by a wing, n, on the spindle, and the other edge, y', is notched or Aotherwise irregularly shaped, to form a'bearing for the bitted key.

' rlhe operation of the lock'is asfollows: When: the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 10,

the lock is closed, the outer endof the .dog e Y projecting into the) recess fof the casing A, so

as toi prevent any rotation ofthe cylinder F.` -Iu order to open the lock, the key is inserted and turned to the right, the bits of the key of the openings in the tumblers, and serving to adjust said tnmblers so as to bring their .notches g into line. As the movement is continued, the series of tum'- blers-turns with the Jkey until the notches are brought underthe dog, the inner end Ofwhich is forced part way into the notches by the ac tion ofthe spring h on the lever J, the rear end of the latter entering the contracted portion of the slot t', Ias kcylinder F is new free to' turn with the keyspindle and tumblers, the outer portion of the dog e traversing the recess f; but before the shown in Fig. 11. The* dog reaches the end of said recess the rear end' l -of the lever J is thrust outward into the main slot i, so as to permit the entrance of the dog lfully into the notches g, as shown in Fig. 12, and thus Aprevent it from interfering with the rotation of the cylinder Fl necessary to retract the bolt. 'lt is on the locking operation,how ever, that of importance, as they provide for the raising of the dog to a certain extent before the tumblers act upon the same to project it, the latter operation being thus effected with less ex# ertion and less Wear-upon the dog and tumblers than when the projection of the dogis 'eected whollyby the actionof the inclined notches of the tumblers thereupon. Moreover, while the .cylinder is being turned by d the action of the tumblers upon lthe dog, a flat the reccssf and cam mA are mainlyl face, vs, of said dog bears upon a dat face, s',

presented by theedges of the tumblers, as shown in the diagram, Fig. 13, the beveled face .t of the dog not being brought into lineV with the beveled faces t of the tumbler-notches until it becomes necessary to eject the dog, as, shown in Fig. 14. Instead of beveling both 'the dog and tumbler-notches, the dog only or the tumbler-notches only may be beveled, as will be readily understood. In the locking operation, the tumblers are turned -to the left from the position shown in Fig. '12, the wing a of the spindle B acting upon the edges y of the tumbler-openings. The first effect of the 'movement is to bring the end of the lever J under 'the control o`f the cam or shoulder m, so that thesaidlever is depressed, the dog ebeing thereby lifted into' the recess f. The cylinder F continues to turn with the tumblers until the outer the shoulder formed by the recess f, as shown in Fig. ll, when the'moveinent of the eylin der is arrested, and further rotation of the tumblers causes the projection ofthe said outer end of the dog into the recessf, by the action of the Vbeveled edges of the `tumbler-notches upon the beveled inner end of the dog. As shoivn,the leverJ is independent of the dog e, the latter being notched .for the entrance of the end ofthe lever; but, if desired, the lever and dog may be made in one piece; or the lever may be dispensed with entirely, and the dogvhunglto aspring in the cylinder F, and controlled by a slot in the back of the casing A, said slot having a shoulder or cam, m, as shown in Fig. l5.

My invention is applicable to that class of locks known as safe-depositlocks,77 in which two keys are used, one being held 'by the attendant at the lvault and the other by the owner ofthe box. In vthis case, one or more of the tumblers would be constructed for adjustment by the custodians key, after the removal of Which the remainder of the tumblers 'would be adjusted .by the owners key, the locking of the box by the latter key disarranging all of the tuniblers.

The partial lifting of the dog before the action of the tmnbleis thereupon to eject it is,

end of the dog strikes it will be evident, a feature which eanbe used in combination-locks, or locks having permutation Wheels or tnmblers instead of tumblers to be actuated by a bitted key, as described; and instead of using a spindle slotted for the reception of the key,the latter maybe adapted to bearings in or on the case, as is common in other classes of locks.

As pressure upon the bolt cannot affect the bearing of the dog upon the tumblers, any attempt to determine the position of the notches in the tumblers by turning the same While the dog is pressed forcibly upon their peri pheries is prevented; and I am thus enabled to defeat the picking ofthe lock in this Way, the pressureexerted by the spring li not being sniicient to enable any one tampering with the lock to determine when a tumbler-notch passes beneath the dog.

I claim as my invention j 1.- The combination, in a lock, of the easing having a recess, f, and a shallower recess, j, adjacent thereto, the cylinder carrying the lockingdog, the tnmblers having notches for the entrance of the dog, and a cam, m, adapted to lift the dog beforethe action ofthe tumblers thereupon to force it into the recess f, as set forth.

2. The combination, in a look, ofthe easing having the recess jA` f the cylinder havingr a dog, and a pivoted lever, J, connected thereto, the tumblers having notches for the entrance of the dog, and a cam, m, adapted to act upon the lever J, to effect the elevation of the dog prior to the action of the tnmblers thereupon, as set forth.

3. The combination of the spindle I3, slotted for the reception of the key, and having a Wing, n, `with the tuinblers' fitted to said spindle,and having openings with edges v/ for Athe action of said Wing, and notched or bitted edges y' for the action ofthe key, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine `to this specilieation in the presence ol' two sub scribing vwitnesses.

MILTON JACKSON. IVitnesses:

JOHN E. Pannen, HARRY SMITH. 

